While scientists and Inuit have noted the recent Arctic heat wave is extraordinary, the emerging moss, plants and rocks shows just how extraordinary. It exceeds the medieval warm period between 1000 and 1200 AD when Norse settlers took up farming in
"It is very unambiguous," says lead author Gifford Miller, of the
They reveal some of the ice caps formed initially about 350 AD and persisted through the medieval warm period until they melted away, many them in the last few years, says Miller. The vanishing ice caps will be featured on the cover of Geophysical Research Letters this month. "The fact that they are now melting like crazy is even more remarkable because it is occurring in the face of a long-term trend that should result in cooling," says Miller, explaining how less solar radiation has been hitting the Arctic in summer months for the last 3,000 years because of a natural cycle that affects orientation of the sun and Earth. "The modern warming really is unusual," he says. "From a millennial perceptive, it's unprecedented."
Paleoclimatologist John Smol at Queen's University in
Photo of the northern coast of Baffin Island by Ansgar Walk (Wikimedia Commons)
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